Aneurysm refers to the weakening of an artery wall that creates a bulge or distention of the artery. Most aneurysms do not show any symptoms but when it ruptures it leads to fatal complications.
- Aneurysms affect a variety of arteries. The most significant aneurysms affect the arteries supplying the brain and the heart. An aortic aneurysm affects the body's main artery.
- The rupture of an aneurysm causes internal bleeding.
- The risk of an aneurysm developing and rupturing varies between individuals. Smoking and high blood pressure are major risk factors for the development of an aneurysm.
- Some types of aneurysm may need surgical treatment to prevent rupture. Doctors will only operate on others if they are life-threatening.
Types of Aneurysm:
Aneurysms are classified by the location in the body. The arteries of brain and heart are two main types of serious aneurysm. The bulging takes place in two main forms as
- Fusiform aneurysms bulge all sides
- Sacclar aneurysm bulges only on one side
The risk of rupture depends on the size of the bulge.
Aortic Aneurysm:
The aorta is the large artery that begins at the left ventricle of the heart and passes through the chest and abdominal cavities. The normal diameter of the aorta is between 2 and 3 centimeters (cm) but can bulge to beyond 5 cm with an aneurysm. The most common type of Aortic aneurysm is Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and less common type of Aortic aneurysm is Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA).Cerebral Aneurysm:
Aneurysms of the arteries that supply the brain with blood are known as intracranial aneurysms. Due to their appearance, they are also known as "berry" aneurysms. Ruptured cerebral aneurysms are the most common cause of a type of stroke known as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Peripheral Aneurysm:
Aneurysm also occurs in the periphery. There are different types of Peripheral aneurysm as:
- Popliteal aneurysm: This happens behind the knee. It is the most common peripheral aneurysm.
- Splenic artery aneurysm: This type of aneurysm occurs near the spleen.
- Mesenteric artery aneurysm: This affects the artery that transports blood to the intestines.
- Femoral artery aneurysm: The femoral artery is in the groin.
- Carotid artery aneurysm: This occurs in the neck.
- Visceral aneurysm: This is a bulge of the arteries that supply blood to the bowel or kidneys.
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